Reasons for capacitor compensation of motors

YouTube：https://youtube.com/shorts/RTELMxYF7dk

Improving Power Factor
- **Reducing Reactive Power**: As inductive loads, motors need to absorb reactive power from the power supply to establish a magnetic field during operation, which leads to a low power factor. Through capacitor compensation, the capacitor can provide leading reactive power, which offsets the lagging reactive power required by the motor, thus reducing the reactive power in the circuit and increasing the power factor.
- **Lowering Line Losses**: A low power factor increases the current in the line. According to Joule's law \(Q = I^{2}Rt\), an increase in current will lead to an increase in power losses on the line. After capacitor compensation to improve the power factor, the line current can be reduced, thereby lowering line losses and saving electrical energy.
- **Enhancing the Utilization Rate of Power Supply Equipment**: The capacity of power supply equipment (such as generators, transformers, etc.) is designed according to apparent power. A low power factor means that the active power output by the power supply equipment is relatively small, and a large amount of capacity is occupied by reactive power. By improving the power factor through capacitor compensation, the power supply equipment can output more active power, increasing its utilization rate and enabling it to supply power to more loads.

### Improving Voltage Quality
- **Reducing Voltage Drop**: During the starting and operation of the motor, due to the characteristics of the inductive load, voltage fluctuations and voltage drops will occur. Capacitor compensation can provide reactive power support to a certain extent, reducing the voltage drop caused by changes in the motor load, stabilizing the supply voltage, ensuring that the motor and other electrical equipment can operate under normal voltage, and improving the operational stability and performance of the equipment.
- **Enhancing System Stability**: In the power system, voltage stability is one of the important factors for the stable operation of the system. Conducting capacitor compensation on motors helps maintain the stability of the system voltage, improves the stability of the power system, and prevents system failures or power outages caused by excessive voltage fluctuations.

### Reducing Motor Operating Costs
- **Saving Electricity Bills**: The electricity bills of many power consumers are related to the power factor. An excessively low power factor will lead to an increase in electricity bills. By improving the power factor through capacitor compensation, the power factor adjustment part of the electricity bill calculation can be reduced, thus reducing the consumer's electricity bill expenditure and lowering the motor's operating costs.
- **Prolonging Motor Life**: Stable voltage and reasonable current help reduce the electromagnetic stress and heat loss inside the motor, slow down the insulation aging rate of the motor, thus prolonging the service life of the motor and reducing the motor's maintenance and replacement costs.

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