power compensation cabinet

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The power compensation cabinet, also known as the reactive power compensation cabinet, is an electrical equipment used in power systems. It is mainly used to improve the power factor of the power grid, reduce the transmission of reactive power, and thus enhance the efficiency and stability of the power grid. The following is a detailed introduction for you:

Working Principle - **Principle of Capacitor Compensation**: Most loads in power systems are inductive loads, such as electric motors. Their current lags behind the voltage and generates a large amount of reactive power. The capacitors in the capacitor compensation cabinet can provide capacitive reactive power. When connected in parallel with inductive loads, the capacitive current leads the voltage, offsetting a part of the inductive current, reducing the total current, narrowing the phase difference between voltage and current, and improving the power factor.

- **Specific Example**: For example, when an asynchronous motor is running, it absorbs a large amount of reactive power from the power grid, resulting in a low power factor. After connecting the capacitor compensation cabinet, the capacitors output capacitive reactive power to meet part of the reactive power requirements of the motor, reduce the reactive power absorbed from the power grid, and improve the power factor. ### Structural Composition

- **Cabinet Body**: It is used to install and protect internal electrical components. It usually adopts metal materials and has a certain protection level to prevent dust, moisture and other substances from entering the cabinet and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. - **Busbar**: It is used to connect various electrical components and transmit electrical energy. Generally, copper or aluminum materials are used, which have good electrical conductivity.

- **Fuse**: When the circuit has an overload or short circuit, the fuse element of the fuse will melt and cut off the circuit to protect other electrical components from damage.

- **Isolating Switch and Fuse Group**: It is used to isolate the power source. During equipment maintenance or repair, it can disconnect the circuit from the power source to ensure the safety of operators. Meanwhile, the fuse can provide short-circuit protection.

- **Capacitor Contactor**: It is used to control the connection and disconnection of capacitors. According to the reactive power requirements of the power grid, it automatically controls the on-off of capacitors.

- **Surge Arrester**: It is used to protect electrical equipment from lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. When the voltage exceeds the operating voltage of the surge arrester, the surge arrester will conduct and lead the overvoltage to the ground. - **Capacitor**: It is the core component of the power compensation cabinet, used to store electric charge and provide reactive power compensation.

- **Reactor**: It is used to limit the inrush current during switching on and suppress harmonics. When capacitors are put into operation, it can limit the instantaneous large current impact and also has a certain inhibitory effect on harmonic currents in the power grid.

- **Primary and Secondary Conductors**: They are used to connect various electrical components and transmit high voltage and large current on the primary side as well as control signals and measurement signals on the secondary side.

- **Terminal Block**: It is used to connect external circuits and electrical components inside the cabinet, facilitating circuit connection and expansion.

- **Automatic Power Factor Compensation Control Device**: It can monitor parameters such as the voltage, current and power factor of the power grid in real time. According to the preset target value of the power factor, it automatically controls the connection and disconnection of capacitor groups to achieve automatic power factor compensation.

- **Panel Instruments**: They are used to display parameters such as the voltage, current and power factor of the power grid, facilitating operators to intuitively understand the operating status of the power grid.

### Product Types - **Low-Voltage Reactive Power Dynamic Compensation Device**: It adopts high-power thyristor switching switches. The controller can control the thyristor switches to quickly switch on and off multiple levels of capacitor groups according to system voltage, reactive power and other factors, realizing the connection of capacitors without inrush current and impact. It is applicable to power distribution systems of industrial and mining enterprises such as power, metallurgy and petroleum as well as residential areas.

- **High-Voltage Reactive Power Automatic Compensation Device**: It is applicable to the power distribution systems of substations in large and medium-sized industrial and mining enterprises with relatively large load fluctuations and the need for frequent adjustment of the power factor, such as those with voltages of 6KV and 10KV. It automatically switches on and off capacitor groups according to factors such as system voltage and reactive power shortage.

- **High-Voltage Reactive Power Local Compensation Device**: It is mainly applied to high-power high-voltage motors, providing the required reactive power for their operation on the spot. Imported or high-voltage single-phase or three-phase capacitors from well-known domestic and foreign enterprises are selected, which have characteristics such as high stability and low operating temperature, and are widely used in industries such as metallurgy and petrochemical.

- **High-Voltage Reactive Power Fixed Compensation Device**: It is used in substations of industrial and mining enterprises and power departments with stable loads and no need for automatic control. It is connected to the 6KV and 10KV busbars to improve the system power factor. The equipment is simple and easy to install, and manual grouped switching can also be adopted according to user requirements.

Performance Characteristics - **Improve Power Factor**: It can increase the power factor of motors or the power grid to above 0.95, reduce the transmission of reactive power in the power grid, and reduce the losses of the power grid.

- **Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction**: It reduces line losses, improves the operating efficiency of electrical equipment, saves electrical energy, and reduces the electricity cost of enterprises.

- **Stabilize Voltage**: It improves the power supply quality, stabilizes the voltage of the power grid, reduces voltage fluctuations, and improves the reliability and stability of power supply.

- **Protect Equipment**: It reduces the impact of reactive current on electrical equipment, reduces the heating and losses of equipment, and prolongs the service life of equipment.

- **Automatic Control**: It adopts a microcomputer central controller or a reactive power compensation controller to automatically control the connection and disconnection of capacitor groups according to the level of the load power factor without manual intervention, ensuring that the power factor meets the set requirements.

### Application Fields

- **Industrial Field**: It is widely used for local compensation of high-power motors and centralized compensation of power distribution systems in industries such as metallurgy, mining, building materials, petrochemical and machinery to improve the power factor and reduce energy consumption.

- **Commercial Field**: For example, in places such as shopping malls, office buildings and hotels, it is used to compensate the reactive power of inductive loads such as lighting, air conditioning and elevators, improve the power supply quality and reduce electricity expenses.

- **Municipal Field**: It is used for reactive power compensation of municipal facilities such as urban street lighting systems, sewage treatment plants and waterworks to improve the operating efficiency and stability of the power grid.

- **Power System**: Power compensation cabinets are used in substations, distribution rooms and other places to conduct reactive power compensation for the power grid, improve the power factor of the power grid and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.