How to Control a Frequency Converter with a Potentiometer in a Distribution Box
Using a potentiometer to control a frequency converter in a distribution box mainly involves adjusting
the output frequency of the converter via an analog voltage signal. Below are the detailed connection
methods, parameter settings, and precautions:
**1. Control Principle**
The potentiometer divides the **10V reference voltage** provided by the frequency converter into a
**0-10V analog voltage signal** by adjusting its resistance value. This signal is then input into the analog
input terminal (AI) of the frequency converter to control its output frequency.
**2. Wiring Steps**
1. **Identify Frequency Converter Terminals**
Typical terminals on a frequency converter (using common labels):
- **+10V**: Reference voltage output (10V DC)
- **GND/ACM**: Common ground
- **AI1/AVI**: Analog voltage input terminal
2. **Potentiometer Wiring**
A potentiometer has three terminals (assuming ①, ②, ③):
- **Terminal ①**: Connect to the converter’s **+10V**
- **Terminal ③**: Connect to the converter’s **GND**
- **Terminal ②**: Connect to the converter’s **AI1** (slider terminal, outputs adjusted voltage)
**Schematic Diagram**:
Potentiometer① ── +10V
Potentiometer② ── AI1
Potentiometer③ ── GND
3. **Wiring Requirements**
- Use **shielded cables** with a length ≤ 2m. If longer, increase wire diameter and shield with
a steel conduit.
- Avoid parallel routing with high-voltage lines to reduce electromagnetic interference.
**3. Frequency Converter Parameter Settings**
Take a common converter (e.g., EV510 series) as an example:
1. **Enter Parameter Menu**: Press the **PRG** button.
2. **Select Frequency Reference Source**:
- **P0-03**: Set to **2** (external analog voltage input).
3. **Calibrate Voltage Range**:
- **P0-10**: Set maximum frequency (e.g., 50Hz for 10V).
- **P0-11**: Set upper frequency source to **1** (controlled by external analog input).
4. **Save and Exit**: Press **DATA** to save and return to standby.
**4. Precautions**
1. **Potentiometer Selection**
- **Resistance**: Recommended **1-10KΩ** (follow the converter manual if specified).
- **Power Rating**: ≥2W; use 5-10× power for frequent adjustment.
- **Type**: Linear potentiometer (non-logarithmic).
2. **Direction Adjustment**
If frequency decreases clockwise, swap the **+10V** and **GND** connections.
3. **Safety Operations**
- Disconnect power before wiring to avoid electric shock or equipment damage.
- Gradually adjust the potentiometer after initial power-up and monitor motor operation.
# **5. Common Issue Troubleshooting**
- **No Frequency Change**: Check loose connections and confirm the parameter is set to
external analog input.
- **Frequency Fluctuation**: Ensure shielded cable grounding is good and potentiometer
resistance ≤10KΩ.
- **Motor Not Starting**: Verify the converter is powered and the run command is provided
via external terminals or the panel.
This method enables stable frequency control of the converter through a potentiometer,
achieving speed regulation of motors in distribution boxes. Terminal labels and parameter
codes may vary by brand—always refer to the specific manual.
**Key Terms**:
- Potentiometer
- Frequency Converter (VFD)
- Analog Voltage Signal
- Shielded Cable
- Parameter Calibration