indoor distribution box

 Wankong PLC control cabinet  indoor distribution box

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The indoor distribution box with a meter is a common electrical equipment used in households or small commercial premises. The following is a detailed introduction about it:

### Structural Composition
- **Box Body**: Generally made of metal or plastic materials, it has good insulation and protection performance, which can effectively prevent electric shock and damage to internal electrical components caused by external factors. The size of the box body varies according to different usage requirements and installation environments. There are commonly two types: recessed-mounted and surface-mounted.
- **Meter**: Usually an electricity meter, which is one of the core components of the indoor distribution box and is used to measure the electricity consumption of users. Common electricity meters include mechanical electricity meters, electronic electricity meters and smart electricity meters. In addition to the basic metering function, the smart electricity meter can also realize functions such as remote meter reading, time-of-use metering and power factor measurement.
- **Circuit Breaker**: Mainly used to cut off and connect circuits. When faults such as overload and short circuit occur in the circuit, it can automatically trip to protect the safety of lines and electrical equipment. Generally, the indoor distribution box will be equipped with a main circuit breaker and multiple branch circuit breakers to protect the entire indoor circuit and each branch circuit respectively.
- **Residual Current Operated Protective Device (RCD)**: It is used to detect the leakage current in the circuit. When the leakage current exceeds the set value, it will quickly cut off the power supply to prevent electric shock casualties and electrical fires. The RCD is usually combined with the circuit breaker to form a residual current circuit breaker.
- **Other Components**: It may also include fuses, contactors, relays, terminal blocks, etc., which are used to realize functions such as circuit control, protection and connection. Some indoor distribution boxes will also be equipped with over-voltage and under-voltage protectors, which will automatically cut off the power supply when the voltage is too high or too low to protect electrical equipment.

### Main Functions
- **Electricity Metering**: Through the meter, the electricity consumption of users can be accurately measured, providing a basis for electricity bill settlement. Users can understand their own electricity usage situation according to the meter reading and reasonably control electricity consumption.
- **Circuit Protection**: Protective elements such as circuit breakers and RCDs can timely detect and cut off the fault current in the circuit to protect the safety of lines, electrical equipment and personnel. When faults such as overload, short circuit or leakage occur in the circuit, the corresponding protective elements will act quickly to avoid the expansion of accidents.
- **Circuit Distribution**: The indoor distribution box can distribute the incoming power to each branch circuit, providing independent circuits for different rooms and different electrical equipment, which is convenient for users to manage and maintain the circuits.
- **Control and Monitoring**: Some advanced indoor distribution boxes also have control and monitoring functions. For example, through the smart electricity meter, remote control and monitoring can be realized. Users can remotely control the on-off of the circuit through mobile phone apps or other means, and view the electricity usage situation and equipment running status in real time.

### Installation and Use
- **Installation Location**: It should be installed in a dry, ventilated place that is convenient for operation and maintenance. Generally, it is installed on the indoor wall, and the height is usually between 1.5 meters and 1.8 meters to facilitate users' viewing and operation. During installation, it should be ensured that the box body is firmly installed and the levelness and perpendicularity meet the requirements.
- **Wiring Method**: Wiring should be carried out strictly in accordance with electrical installation specifications. Generally speaking, the incoming power line should be connected to the upper end of the main circuit breaker, and the outgoing lines of each branch circuit should be led out from the lower end of the corresponding branch circuit breaker or RCD. When wiring, attention should be paid to the color and identification of the wires to ensure that the wiring is correct.
- **Precautions for Use**: During the use process, users should regularly check the operation status of the indoor distribution box, check the meter reading, the working status of circuit breakers and RCDs, etc. If any abnormal situation is found, professional electricians should be notified in time for maintenance. Meanwhile, users should use electrical equipment reasonably, avoid overloading electricity consumption and ensure the safety of electricity use.

### Common Faults and Troubleshooting
- **Meter Faults**: Problems such as inaccurate metering, no metering, too fast or too slow counting may occur. First, check whether the wiring of the meter is correct and whether there is any looseness or short circuit. If the wiring is normal, it may be that the internal components of the meter itself are damaged and the meter needs to be replaced.
- **Circuit Breaker Tripping**: It may be caused by reasons such as circuit overload, short circuit or leakage. First, check whether the connected electrical equipment has faults. If there are faults, they should be eliminated in time. If the electrical equipment is normal, it may be that the rated current of the circuit breaker itself is too small or there is a fault, and it is necessary to replace the appropriate circuit breaker or carry out maintenance.
- **RCD Malfunction**: It may be caused by reasons such as line leakage, RCD itself failure or excessive leakage current of electrical equipment. First, check whether there is leakage in the line and electrical equipment. If there is leakage, it should be eliminated in time. If the line and electrical equipment are normal, it may be that the RCD itself has a fault and it is necessary to replace the RCD.