Should soft wires or hard wires be used for home decoration?

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In home decoration, both soft wires and hard wires have their own characteristics and applicable scenarios.

**I. Characteristics and Applicable Scenarios of Hard Wires (Single-strand Wires)**

1. **Physical Properties**
- Hard wires are composed of a relatively thick copper wire or aluminum wire. They have relatively high hardness. When threading wires through pipes for wiring, if the pipes have relatively small bending angles, it may be rather difficult to thread the hard wires through, and it may even damage the insulation layer of the wires. However, hard wires have relatively strong tensile resistance and are more suitable for fixed wiring occasions where certain tensile forces need to be withstood.
- For example, when laying concealed wires inside the walls of a house, as long as the pipes are relatively unobstructed, hard wires can maintain the stability of the wires well and will not be easily deformed due to factors such as their own gravity.
2. **Conductivity**
- In terms of conductivity, the copper or aluminum wires of hard wires are relatively thick, and under the same material, their resistance is relatively small. In the case of large currents, hard wires can better carry the current and reduce the heating phenomenon.
- For the wiring of high-power electrical appliances in households (such as air conditioners, electric water heaters, etc.), if they are relatively close to the distribution box, using hard wires is a better choice. Because these electrical appliances have relatively large currents when working, hard wires can effectively ensure the transmission of electrical energy and reduce power loss.
3. **Price and Service Life**
- The manufacturing process of hard wires is relatively simple. Under the same wire diameter and material, the price is usually cheaper than that of soft wires. Moreover, the outer sheath of hard wires is relatively thick, and its service life is relatively long under normal use conditions.
- For example, in ordinary lighting circuits, using hard wires can reduce the wiring cost on the premise of ensuring safety.
4. **Installation Convenience (in Terms of Wiring Connection)**
- When connecting hard wires, especially when connecting them to sockets, switches, etc., the operation is relatively simple. Generally, the wire ends can be directly inserted into the terminal blocks, and then the screws can be tightened. However, if it is necessary to connect multiple strands of wires (such as making branch connections of wires in the distribution box), the operation of hard wires will be more troublesome and requires the use of special terminal blocks or complex operations such as twisting.
- For example, when installing an ordinary wall socket, hard wires can be conveniently inserted into the wiring holes on the back of the socket, and electricians can quickly complete the wiring work.

**II. Characteristics and Applicable Scenarios of Soft Wires (Multi-strand Wires)**

1. **Physical Properties**
- Soft wires are formed by twisting multiple thin copper wires or aluminum wires together. They have very good flexibility and can easily pass through various curved pipes when threading wires through pipes for wiring, making installation more convenient. However, the tensile resistance of soft wires is relatively weak, and they are prone to breakage or the loosening of wire cores when pulled by external forces.
- For example, in the power cords of some electrical appliances that need to be moved frequently or are easily affected by external forces, soft wires can well adapt to the movement and bending of the equipment and will not be damaged due to frequent bending. Power cords of computers, mobile phone chargers, etc. are all soft wires.
2. **Conductivity**
- Since soft wires are composed of multiple thin conductors, their surface area is relatively large. In the case of high-frequency currents, the skin effect of soft wires will make their conductivity better. However, in the general household alternating current with a power frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz, this advantage is not very obvious.
- For example, in the wiring of some electronic devices with relatively high requirements for electromagnetic compatibility, soft wires can better reduce electromagnetic interference and ensure the quality of signal transmission.
3. **Price and Service Life**
- The manufacturing process of soft wires is relatively complex, and the price is usually higher than that of hard wires. Moreover, the outer sheath of soft wires is relatively thin, and it is more likely to be damaged if it is worn, squeezed, etc. during the use process, and its service life may be affected.
- For example, under the same use environment, soft wires may expose the internal wire cores due to damage to the outer sheath, which poses a safety hazard and needs to be replaced in advance.
4. **Installation Convenience (in Terms of Wiring Connection)**
- When connecting soft wires to electrical appliances, due to their good flexibility, they can be conveniently wound and other operations can be carried. However, when connecting them to sockets, switches, etc., because the wire cores are relatively thin, the wire cores may become loose after the screws are tightened. Therefore, when connecting soft wires, it is generally necessary to twist the wire cores together first and then make the connection.
- For example, when connecting the soft wire of a lamp to the lamp holder, it is necessary to first twist the wire cores of the soft wire tightly, then insert them into the wiring holes of the lamp holder, and ensure that the screws are tightened to prevent poor contact.

**III. Comprehensive Suggestions**

- For the fixed wiring in home decoration, such as lighting circuits, socket circuits, etc., when the budget is limited and there are no special requirements, hard wires are a better choice. They can meet the basic electricity demand, and they are affordable and have a long service life.
- If it is for some equipment that needs to be moved frequently or has relatively high requirements for flexibility, such as extension cords of movable sockets, power cords of electrical appliances, etc., soft wires are more suitable.
- In some occasions with relatively high requirements for electrical performance, such as home theater systems, smart home systems, etc., considering factors such as electromagnetic compatibility, soft wires can also be used appropriately. Meanwhile, for the wiring of high-power electrical appliances, it is necessary to choose hard wires or soft wires according to specific situations (such as the length of the wires, the magnitude of the current, etc.), and ensure that the wire diameter can meet the requirements of the safe carrying capacity of the current.

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