The Main Components of European-style Prefabricated Substations

The main components and functions of the European-style prefabricated substation are as follows, 

based on its typical "three-compartment integrated" structure (High Voltage Compartment, Transformer

 Compartment, and Low Voltage Compartment):

### I. High Voltage Compartment

1. **High Voltage Switchgear**

   - **Function**: Control and protect the high voltage side circuit.

   - **Types**: Ring main units (such as XGN15, HXGN17 types) or fixed cabinets, supporting ring network

 power supply or radial power supply.

   - **Core Components**:

     - **Load Switch**: Used for normally switching on and off the circuit.

     - **Fuse**: Quickly fuses for protection in case of short circuit or overload.

     - **Lightning Arrester**: Prevents the equipment from being damaged by lightning strikes or overvoltage.

     - **Bushing**: Insulated connection between the high voltage cable and the internal circuit.

2. **High Voltage Inlet Device**

   - It includes cable terminal heads, insulators, busbars, etc., to achieve the input of high voltage power.

### II. Transformer Compartment

1. **Transformer**

   - **Types**: Oil-immersed (such as S11/S13 series) or dry-type (such as SCB10/SCB13 series).

   - **Capacity Range**: Usually from 30kVA to 2500kVA, specifically depending on the model.

   - **Cooling System**:

     - Oil-immersed: Dissipates heat through oil circulation, and some models are equipped with 

temperature-controlled fans.

     - Dry-type: Natural air cooling or forced air cooling, and some are equipped with temperature monitoring.

2. **Accessories**

   - **Temperature Control Device**: Monitors the oil temperature of the transformer and controls the 

start and stop of the fan.

   - **Pressure Relief Valve**: Automatically releases pressure when the internal pressure of the oil-immersed

 transformer is too high.

   - **Breather**: Dries the air to prevent the transformer oil from getting damp.

### III. Low Voltage Compartment

1. **Low Voltage Power Distribution Cabinet**

   - **Function**: Distribute low voltage electrical energy (0.4kV) and provide protection and monitoring.

   - **Core Components**:

     - **Main Circuit Breaker**: Controls the main power supply and has overload and short circuit protection.

     - **Branch Circuit Breaker**: Supplies power to different load circuits and supports branch control.

     - **Reactive Power Compensation Device**: Capacitor bank to improve the power factor.

     - **Metering Instruments**: Ammeters, voltmeters, electricity meters, etc.

2. **Intelligent Monitoring System**

   - Intelligent electricity meters and remote communication modules (such as RS485, GPRS) can be optionally 

configured to achieve remote monitoring and control.

### IV. Enclosure Structure and Auxiliary Components

1. **Metal Enclosure**

   - Made of anti-corrosion steel or aluminum alloy materials, with dust-proof, moisture-proof, and anti-corrosion properties.

   - Compartment design: Each functional compartment is independently sealed to reduce the risk of fault spread.

2. **Environmental Control System**

   - **Ventilation and Heat Dissipation**: Natural ventilation holes or temperature-controlled fans to maintain

 stable internal temperature.

   - **Moisture-proof Device**: Heaters or humidity sensors to prevent condensation.

3. **Grounding System**

   - Independent grounding terminals to ensure the safe grounding of the equipment.

4. **Cable Connection**

   - High voltage side: Plug-in cable heads are used, supporting live working (for some models).

   - Low voltage side: Copper busbars or cables are connected to the user end.

### V. Examples of Typical Model Configurations

Take ZBW-12/0.4-630KVA as an example:

- **High Voltage Compartment**: XGN15 ring main unit, including a combination of load switch and fuse.

- **Transformer Compartment**: S13-630kVA oil-immersed transformer with a temperature-controlled fan.

- **Low Voltage Compartment**: Including a main circuit breaker (1250A), branch circuit breakers (630A×4), 

reactive power compensation (200kvar), and an intelligent electricity meter.

European-style prefabricated substations achieve efficient power supply and convenient maintenance through 

modular design and standardized components, and are widely used in scenarios such as urban power distribution

 networks and industrial parks.